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HTTP 402, “Payment Required,” was reserved in the original HTTP specification in 1991. No one implemented it. Internet commerce grew on top of card networks and banking infrastructure that predates the web, and payment never became part of HTTP itself. x402 implements it. When a server protects a resource behind payment, it responds with a 402 status and a machine-readable payload describing the price, accepted assets, and which network to pay on. The client reads those terms, signs a payment, and retries the request. No human clicks through a checkout page. No pre-existing account is required between client and server.

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The 402 response

A 402 response carries a PaymentRequirements payload. In x402 version 1, the server returns it as a JSON body. In version 2, it arrives as a base64-encoded payment-required response header. The payload contains an accepts array with one or more payment options. The client selects the option that matches its configured scheme and network, then constructs a signed payment from those terms.

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Payment requirements fields

tokens are identified by their contract address in the asset field. identifies the blockchain network in the network field.

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Why the scheme is the server’s choice

The resource server decides which payment schemes it accepts, at what price, and on which networks. It publishes those terms in the 402 response. The client decides which of the offered options it can fulfill. Neither side is forced into a specific payment method. The accepts array lists options; the client picks what it can fulfill. A server can list multiple entries in accepts to support different schemes or networks simultaneously. A client that supports both 4mica-credit and exact selects whichever it prefers.

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Builder guidance

When you configure your 402 response:
  • Set scheme to 4mica-credit for 4Mica guarantee-backed payments.
  • Use the CAIP-2 format for network: eip155:8453 for Base, eip155:1 for Ethereum mainnet.
  • Set maxAmountRequired in token base units. For USDC (6 decimals), $1.00 is "1000000".
  • Set payTo to the wallet address that should receive payment after netting and settlement.
  • Set maxTimeoutSeconds to the time you are willing to wait between the client signing and your call to /settle. 300 seconds is a reasonable default for most API flows.
See How x402 works for the full request, retry, and settlement sequence.